Portable Ladder Safety
Posted by eprinzing@zinggreen.com BigCommerce on Jun 1st 2021
20% of workplace falls involve ladders (BLS, 41,800 falls analyzed).
Match ladder material and duty rating to the job.
Introduction
Portable ladders are common on job sites—so common that familiarity can mask risk. A Bureau of Labor Statistics study noted that 1 in 5 falls occurred while using a ladder. This guide explains how to select the correct ladder, perform quick inspections, and reduce environmental and personal hazards.
Key idea: The safest ladder is the one that’s appropriate for the task, the environment, and the person using it.
What Ladder Should I Use?
Select by material and duty rating—and avoid metal ladders near any electrical hazard.
Include the worker’s weight + clothing + tools/equipment in your total.
Step Ladders or Extension Ladders?
Step Ladder
- Freestanding; spreaders must lock fully.
- Never stand on the top cap or top step.
- Great for indoor, moderate reach tasks.
Extension Ladder
- Leaning ladder; secure top and bottom.
- Observe 4:1 angle; extend 3 ft above roof edge.
- Ideal for higher, exterior access.
Remember: Even if a ladder passes inspection, environment and user factors still determine safety.
Inspections, Surfaces, and Potential Hazards
Inspect before each use. Tag and remove from service if any defect is found—do not perform makeshift repairs.
Quick Inspection
- Stable feet; no looseness or wobble.
- No cracked rails, loose steps/hardware.
- No oil, grease, or slippery residues.
- Spreaders lock fully (step ladders).
If it Fails
- Tag “Do Not Use.”
- Notify a supervisor.
- Repair properly or replace.
Uneven or Slippery Conditions & Outdoor Use
Uneven Ground
Use manufacturer-approved ladder levelers; never shim with boxes or scrap material.
Smooth/Slippery Surfaces
Use non-slip feet; on grass, use spiked feet. Tie or block feet if shifting is possible.
Environmental & Personal Hazards
- Keep at least 10 feet from power lines unless qualified for electrical work.
- Use barricades in high-traffic areas to prevent contact with the ladder.
- Do not use ladders if feeling weak, dizzy, or otherwise unwell; some medications may impair safe use.
- Never use metal ladders near electrical wiring.
Tip: Pre-job briefs that include ladder placement and traffic flow reduce surprises on site.
Conclusion
Train employees to select, set up, inspect, and use ladders correctly. Use concise references for refreshers and keep full standards on hand for supervisors.
OSHA Portable Ladder Safety QuickCard
Printable summary for quick training moments.
OSHA Ladder Safety Standards
Full standard details for compliance.
Content adapted from internal safety guidance and OSHA resources. Always follow your employer’s specific procedures.